Since no specific substances are mentioned, the following is an example of "coal", which is modeled on the classical Chinese style of "Tiangong Kaiwu":
Coal is hidden deep in the ground and is a treasure used in the world. Its colors are different, or dark like lacquer, or dark brown without light. The quality is hard and brittle, and it makes a sound.
The production of coal is mostly under the hillside. Digging the ground is a well, and craftsmen enter at risk and mine it along the vein. It is also difficult to mine, and there is often a risk of water flooding in the ground. However, it is necessary for people's livelihood, and they work tirelessly.
The use of coal is widespread. In the time of cooking, there is a lot of firepower, which can quickly ripen the grain, warm the room to drive away the cold, and make the occupants comfortable. In the industry of smelting and casting, it can increase the temperature by blowing the wind, turn iron into juice, and the casting tools are excellent. It is the use of farmers and businesspeople.
The ancient people, known the benefits of coal, although it is not easy to take, it is passed down from generation to generation, and make good use of it. People of today, should continue to the wisdom of the saint, and think about the way of mining, keep the safety of the land veins, and use it sparingly, so that this gift of heaven will benefit all the people and last forever.

This substance has many physical properties. Its color is pure and bright, or as white as frost and snow, or as clear as autumn water, shining brightly, with clear reflections and no variegated disturbances. Its quality is very strong, and it is difficult to leave deep marks when hit with a sharp weapon. It is like the quality of gold and stone, but it is warm and moist when touched, without the coldness and hardness of gold and stone.
And this object has a specific density. When placed in water, it may sink or float, unlike ordinary objects. If it is heavy, it sinks when entering the water, which seems to mean sinking into the abyss; if it is light, it floats on the water surface, like a boat traveling on the water. Its heat conduction is also strange. When it is touched by a hot object, the heat transfer is very slow. After holding it for a moment, it feels warm, unlike other objects, and it feels burning in an instant.
And the sound of this thing is also wonderful. When you hit it lightly, its sound is crisp and pleasant, and it curls endlessly, like a ring, which can be transmitted far in the empty valley. As for its ductility, there are also considerable things. It can be stretched with force, and it can be extended continuously. It can be shaped into various shapes, long or flat, or curved or straight, all of which are satisfactory. Its light transmittance is also good. Under the light, it can be seen that the light penetrates, and the object is vaguely visible. It has a hazy beauty. It is not completely transparent, but it has a sense of transparency. It is like a mist shrouded, and it has a unique charm. All kinds of physical properties make it unique among all things, which is amazing.

This substance is a rare wonder in the world, and its chemical properties are quite unique and complex.
Bearing the brunt, this substance has extraordinary stability. Under ordinary circumstances, after a long time, it is difficult to see its obvious changes or reactions. Just like the thousand-year-old ancient jade, it has weathered wind and rain and vicissitudes, it is still as warm as ever, with clear texture, and has not been eroded by time and damaged its quality. Even in the face of moderate temperature, humidity changes, and even weak chemical effects, it can be handled calmly and unmoved, like a rock.
Furthermore, its reaction with many common chemical reagents is also unique. When it encounters acids, it does not react as quickly and violently as ordinary metals or compounds, releasing gases or causing sudden changes in color. On the contrary, specific conditions, such as specific concentrations, temperatures and time, can induce some subtle reactions. This situation is like a carefully choreographed dance, and each element needs to be in place to deduce a unique chemical "dance step".
When encountering alkali substances, the reaction is even more obscure. The surface seems calm, but in fact the internal molecular structure has been quietly fine-tuned. Like an undercurrent surging, the surface is calm, and there are thousands of changes in the microscopic world. And the properties of this substance in the redox reaction are also different from the norm. It can not only act as a reducing agent in a specific environment, providing electrons for other substances to help them undergo reduction reactions, but also act as an oxidizing agent in another situation, seizing electrons from other substances and dominating the oxidation process. These dual characteristics make it like a skilled all-rounder on the stage of chemical reactions, flexibly changing roles according to the needs of the environment.
In addition, the solubility of this substance in different solvents is also very different. In some organic solvents, it can be quickly dissolved to form a uniform and stable solution, like a fish entering water and blending smoothly; in other solvents, it is stubborn and insoluble, like a stubborn stone placed in water, motionless. The difference in solubility and the chemical principles behind it are the key to the study and an important clue to explore more of its chemical mysteries.

This material has a wide range of uses. In the military field, it can be used as a material for weapons. Its texture is tough, which can make the blade sharp and durable, and help soldiers overcome the enemy when they are in battle. In the field of construction, it can be used to create strong houses. Its characteristics make the building resistant to wind and rain erosion and the passage of time, providing a stable place for the people to live. In the field of craftsmanship, it can be carved into exquisite utensils. With their exquisite skills, craftsmen give it unique shapes and artistic charm, or for decorative ornaments, or for practical utensils, all of which show extraordinary value. In the field of transportation vehicle manufacturing, it is also indispensable. With its excellent performance, it ensures that the vehicle is sturdy and reliable, ensuring travel safety and smooth transportation. No matter whether it is marching for war, settling down, artistic creation, or transportation, this material plays a key role in laying a solid foundation for the development of various fields and driving the world forward, which is of great significance in many aspects.

The method of refining a certain substance needs to be carefully examined in terms of its nature and origin, and the method should be selected according to its characteristics. Today, imitating the ancient saying of "Tiangong Kaiwu", the method of refining is described as follows.
If the metal is made, it often begins with mining and selection. In the mountains and rivers of ore veins, find the place where it is hidden. When the ore is mined, it is first crushed and made into small pieces, which will be processed later. Then, depending on the type of ore, it may be calcined with intense fire. For example, iron ore is smelted in a blast furnace together with coke and limestone. Blast to support combustion, the furnace is hot and the temperature is extremely high. Coke burns to generate heat and acts as a reducing agent to reduce the iron oxide in the iron ore to iron. Limestone helps to melt, removing impurities in the ore, forming slag floating on the molten iron, and then obtaining pig iron. To obtain fine iron, refine it to remove its impurities and increase its toughness.
If it is pottery, choose fine clay, knead it evenly, and remove its grit. Shape it in the desired shape, or plate it, or draw the billet. Shape it into a post-kiln and fire it. Bake it on a low fire first, remove its moisture, and then gradually increase the fire. The heat is very important, and the pottery will be loose if it is not enough, and it will be easy to crack if it passes. When the kiln temperature is appropriate, cease to cool, and get exquisite pottery when it comes out of the kiln.
If salt is made, at the seashore, the seawater will be drawn into the salt pans. With the help of sunlight and wind, seawater evaporates. The water dries gradually, and salt crystals precipitate. The first salt contains impurities, which need to be dissolved, filtered, and evaporated to purify.
All things in refining depend on human ingenuity and the right time and place. A craftsman needs to be familiar with physical properties and skilled in skills to become a good product. Every step is about success or failure, and you can't be careless.