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What is the chemical structure of 1-Ethenyl-2,4-Difluoro-Benzene?
1-Vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene, its chemical structure is as follows. This substance is an organic aromatic compound containing a benzene ring, which is its core structure. It is formed by six carbon atoms connected by conjugated double bonds to form a ring, giving it special stability and chemical properties.
There are two fluorine atoms connected to the benzene ring, which are at the 2nd and 4th positions respectively. The high electronegativity of fluorine atoms will have a significant impact on the electron cloud distribution of the benzene ring, reducing the density of its adjacent and para-position electron clouds, thereby changing the activity and selectivity of the electrophilic substitution reaction of the benzene ring, and making the reaction more inclined to interposition substitution.
In addition, the 1-position of the styrene ring is attached to a vinyl group (-CH = CH ²), which gives the compound unique reactivity. Addition reactions can be carried out, such as addition with electrophilic reagents such as halogens and hydrogen halides, and the π bond in the double bond is broken to form a new single bond. And the vinyl and the styrene ring form a conjugated system, and the electrons are delocalized, which further affects the stability and reactivity of the molecule, reducing the molecular energy and enhancing the stability. At the same time, the electron cloud distribution of the styrene ring is changed, which affects the localization effect of the substituent.
In conclusion, the chemical structure of 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene determines that it has unique physical and chemical properties and chemical reactivity, and has potential application value in organic synthesis, materials science
What are the physical properties of 1-Ethenyl-2,4-Difluoro-Benzene?
1-Vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene is one of the organic compounds. It has various physical properties, as detailed below.
Looking at its appearance, under normal temperature and pressure, it is often a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid. The texture is pure and uniform. When illuminated by light, it can be seen that it is clear and translucent, and there is no obvious turbidity or impurities.
As for its boiling point, it is about 140-145 ° C. When the temperature gradually rises to this point, the thermal motion between molecules intensifies, which is enough to overcome the intermolecular force and change from liquid to gas. This boiling point value is crucial in the distillation and separation operations of the chemical industry, providing key parameters for accurately controlling the separation process.
In terms of melting point, it is about -50 ° C. When the temperature drops to this point, the thermal motion of the molecules slows down, the orderly arrangement is enhanced, and the substance solidifies from liquid to solid. This melting point characteristic affects the physical form of the compound at different temperatures and needs to be considered during storage and transportation.
The density is about 1.18 - 1.22 g/cm ³, which is slightly higher than that of water. If it is placed in a container with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water. This characteristic can be used as a basis for identification and separation in some experiments or industrial processes involving liquid-liquid separation.
In terms of solubility, 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene is insoluble in water, but has good solubility in most organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, acetone, etc. This is because the molecular structure of the compound and the molecules of the organic solvent can form similar intermolecular forces, following the principle of "similar miscibility". This solubility characteristic makes it possible to select a suitable organic solvent as the reaction medium in the organic synthesis reaction to promote the smooth progress of the reaction.
In addition, the compound has a certain volatility, and in an open environment, it will gradually evaporate from the liquid state to the gaseous state. Although the volatilization rate is affected by factors such as ambient temperature, humidity, and air circulation, its own volatile characteristics require attention to be sealed and stored during use and storage to prevent it from escaping. It is also necessary to pay attention to its possible impact on the environment and human body.
What are the chemical properties of 1-Ethenyl-2,4-Difluoro-Benzene?
1-Vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene, this is an organic compound. It has unique chemical properties, let me talk about them one by one.
First talk about its unsaturation, the molecule contains a carbon-carbon double bond, just like the characteristics of an olefin, giving it a lively reactivity. Addition reaction can occur. When encountering bromine water, the double bond is like a warrior facing the enemy. The bromine atoms in the bromine molecule are added to the carbon atoms at both ends of the double bond, and the bromine water fades. This addition is clear. Under appropriate catalysts and conditions, it can also be added with hydrogen, and the carbon-carbon double bond obtains a hydrogen atom, which is converted into a saturated carbon-carbon single bond to form an alkyl derivative.
Furthermore, the structure of the benzene ring also adds other properties. The benzene ring has a conjugated system, which stabilizes the molecule. Although it is not as easy to add as an olefin, a substitution reaction can occur. For example, with halogens, nitric acid, sulfuric acid and other reagents, the hydrogen atoms on the benzene ring can be replaced under specific conditions. When reacting with halogens, in the presence of a catalyst, the halogen atoms selectively replace the hydrogen on the benzene ring to form halogenated derivatives.
And because of the fluorine atoms connected to the benzene ring, the electronegativity of fluorine is strong, which causes the electron cloud density of the benzene ring to change. This electronic effect affects the reactivity and selectivity of the molecule, making the reaction path slightly different from that of ordinary benzene derivatives In electrophilic substitution reactions, fluorine atoms are adjacent to each other, and the position of the substituents is localized.
This compound has a wide range of uses in the field of organic synthesis due to its unique chemical properties. It can be used as a key intermediate to prepare materials and drugs with special properties, which contribute to the development of organic chemistry.
What are the main uses of 1-Ethenyl-2,4-Difluoro-Benzene?
1-Vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene is one of the organic compounds. Its main use is more common in the field of organic synthesis.
In organic synthesis, 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene is often used as a key intermediate. Due to its molecular structure containing vinyl and difluorophenyl groups, these two give the compound unique reactivity. Vinyl is unsaturated and can participate in many addition reactions, such as addition with electrophilic reagents and nucleophiles, thereby introducing different functional groups to lay the foundation for the construction of complex organic molecules. The presence of difluorophenyl not only affects the electron cloud distribution of molecules, but also enhances the stability and special physical and chemical properties of molecules.
In the field of materials science, using this as a raw material, through polymerization, polymer materials with special properties can be prepared. The prepared materials may have good thermal and chemical stability, and have great application potential in fields such as electronic devices and aerospace that require strict material properties.
In the field of pharmaceutical chemistry, 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene is used as a structural unit to embed in drug molecules, which may change the fat solubility, water solubility and biological activity of drugs, helping to develop more efficient and safe new drugs.
In addition, it also plays an important role in the preparation of fine chemical products, which can be used to synthesize special fragrances, dyes, etc., endowing the products with unique properties and application value.
What are the preparation methods of 1-Ethenyl-2,4-Difluoro-Benzene?
The preparation method of 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene has been known for a long time, and the methods are also different depending on the raw materials and conditions. The common preparation methods are described in detail below.
First, fluorobenzene derivatives are used as starting materials. If 2,4-difluorobenzaldehyde is used as the starting material, it can be reacted with phosphorus ylide reagent (such as Wittig reagent) first. In this reaction, the carbon anion of phosphorus ylide reagent undergoes nucleophilic addition to the aldehyde group, and then the elimination reaction forms a carbon-carbon double bond, thereby preparing 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene. The reaction mechanism is exquisite, just like the symmetry of yin and yang. The positive carbon of aldehyde and the negative carbon of phosphorus ylide attract each other, and then the molecular skeleton is reconstructed. During the specific operation, the reaction temperature and the ratio of the reactants need to be strictly controlled. Generally, in an organic solvent (such as toluene), the low temperature is gradually warmed to a suitable reaction temperature to ensure that the reaction proceeds smoothly and the product purity is good.
Second, through the vinylation reaction of halogenated aromatics. Take 2,4-difluorobromobenzene and react with vinylboronic acid or vinylborate under the action of a transition metal catalyst (such as palladium catalyst). This reaction follows the coupling mechanism of metal catalysis. The palladium catalyst is like a helmsman of the reaction, guiding the carbon-halogen bond of halogenated aromatics and the carbon-boron bond of vinyl boric acid to break and recombine. The reaction system requires an anaerobic environment and is often protected by inert gas to avoid catalyst poisoning. The reaction solvent can be selected as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), etc., and the reaction is stirred at a certain temperature to obtain the target product.
Third, fluorine-containing styrene derivatives are used as raw materials for fluorination reaction. If there are suitable 1-vinylbenzene derivatives, electrophilic fluorinated reagents (such as Selectfluor, etc.) can be used for fluorination reaction, introducing fluorine atoms at specific positions in the benzene ring to generate 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene. This fluorination reaction requires attention to select appropriate reaction conditions and reagent dosage to control the position and degree of fluorination to ensure the selectivity of the product. The reaction is often carried out in organic solvents such as acetonitrile, and the reaction temperature and time are adjusted in time according to the substrate activity and reaction process.
The above methods have their own advantages and disadvantages, and need to be carefully selected according to the actual situation, such as raw material availability, cost, product purity requirements, etc., in order to effectively prepare 1-vinyl-2,4-difluorobenzene.