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What are the chemical properties of 1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene?
1 - Bromo - 3 - (difluoromethoxy) benzene, this is an organic compound. Its chemical properties are unique, consisting of bromine atoms, difluoromethoxy groups and benzene rings.
Looking at its reactivity, bromine atoms are active in nucleophilic substitution reactions due to their good departure properties. For example, when encountering nucleophiles, such as alkoxides, amines, etc., bromine atoms are easily replaced to form various derivatives. The lone pair electrons of nucleophiles will attack the benzene ring carbon atoms connected to bromine, and bromine ions will leave to complete the substitution process. The presence of difluoromethoxy groups also affects the properties of the compound. Difluoromethoxy has an electron-absorbing induction effect, which decreases the electron cloud density of the benzene ring and weakens the electrophilic substitution activity of the benzene ring. However, under certain conditions, electrophilic reagents can still attack the benzene ring and generate corresponding substitutions. In addition, the fluorine atom in the difluoromethoxy group, due to its high electronegativity, increases the molecular polarity and affects the physical properties of the compound, such as solubility.
Furthermore, the benzene ring in this compound is aromatic and relatively stable. However, under the action of strong oxidants, benzene rings can be oxidized, or under high temperature, high pressure and specific catalyst conditions, participate in cycloaddition and other reactions.
Overall, 1 - Bromo - 3 - (difluoromethoxy) benzene exhibits diverse chemical properties due to the interaction of its functional groups, and has important application value in the field of organic synthesis. It can be used to prepare key intermediates in the fields of medicine, pesticides and materials.
What are the physical properties of 1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene
1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene is one of the organic compounds. Its physical properties are quite impressive, let me tell them one by one.
Looking at its appearance, under room temperature and pressure, it is mostly a colorless to light yellow transparent liquid, with a clear texture, like jade nectar, or shimmering in sunlight.
Smell its smell, emitting a special aromatic smell. Although it is not rich and pungent, it is unique. However, its taste may be irritating to a certain extent, so be careful when smelling.
When it comes to boiling point, it is about 190-195 ° C. When the temperature rises to this range, the compound gradually changes from a liquid state to a gaseous state, just like a phoenix nirvana, and the shape changes. The value of the boiling point depends on the force between the molecules. The molecular structure makes the attractive force between the molecules appropriate to have this boiling point state.
As for the melting point, it is about -15 ° C. When the temperature drops to this point, the liquid that originally flowed will slowly solidify, just like time solidifies, turning into a solid state. The level of melting point is also closely related to the arrangement and interaction of molecules.
Its density is about 1.6 g/cm ³, which is heavier than water. If it is placed in one place with water, it will sink to the bottom of the water, like a pearl falling into an abyss.
In terms of solubility, this compound is insoluble in water, and the molecular structure of the lid is contrary to the polarity of the water molecule, so the two are difficult to be compatible. However, in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and dichloromethane, they can be well miscible with each other, just like the joy of fish and water, and the two can be integrated. This is a similar principle of compatibility.
The above physical properties have important reference value in the fields of organic synthesis, chemical production, etc., and can provide a key basis for related operations and research.
What is the main use of 1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene?
1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene, Chinese name 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene, this compound has a wide range of uses and is often a key intermediate in the synthesis of medicine.
In the molecular structure of the drug, the combination of aryl halides and fluoroalkoxy groups can significantly affect the binding ability of the drug to the target, and change the lipophilicity, stability and biological activity of the compound. Taking some antidepressants as an example, such structural fragments need to be introduced during synthesis. With 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene as the starting material, through multi-step reaction, the core skeleton is constructed, and then the drug molecule with specific pharmacological activity is formed.
In the field of pesticides, it also has its own influence. Pesticides containing fluorophenyl ether structure have high toxic effect on pests and are environmentally friendly. 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene can be used as an important synthetic raw material, chemically modified, converted into various pesticides and fungicides to protect the growth of crops and resist the attack of diseases and pests.
Furthermore, in the field of materials science, it also has a useful place. In the research and development of organic electronic materials, fluorophenyl ethers can be used to prepare organic semiconductor materials due to their unique electronic properties, improve the carrier mobility and stability of the materials, and make extraordinary contributions in the fabrication of organic Light Emitting Diodes (OLEDs), organic field effect transistors (OFETs) and other devices. It can optimize device performance, extend service life, and promote the progress of display and electronic device technology.
What are the synthesis methods of 1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene
There are several common methods for synthesizing 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene.
First, m-bromophenol and difluorobromomethane are used as raw materials to react under alkaline conditions. In this process, the phenolic hydroxyl group of m-bromophenol forms a phenoxy anion under the action of alkali, which is nucleophilic and can attack the carbon atom of difluorobromomethane, and the bromine ion leaves, thereby forming the target product 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene. The alkali used is common such as potassium carbonate, sodium hydroxide, etc. The reaction solvent can be selected as polar aprotic solvents such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF), dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO), etc. These solvents help to enhance the nucleophilicity of phenoxy anions and improve the reaction rate and yield.
Second, with 3-bromobenzyl ether as the starting material, the bromination reaction is carried out first, and the bromine atom is introduced at a specific position in the benzene ring, and then the methoxy group is converted to difluoromethoxy. The bromination reaction can use liquid bromine and iron powder or iron tribromide as catalysts to selectively enter the benzene ring intersite. The conversion of methoxy to difluoromethoxy can be achieved by reacting with difluoromethylating reagents, such as difluoromethyltrimethylsilane (CF 2O H-TMS), under specific conditions. This approach requires attention to the control of the conditions of each step of the reaction to ensure the selectivity and yield of the reaction.
Third, using 1,3-dibromobenzene as raw material, methoxy is first introduced to form 3-bromoanisole, and the subsequent operation is the same as the second half of the above-mentioned second route. The reaction of introducing methoxy can be achieved by reacting with reagents such as sodium methoxide in a suitable solvent. Through fine regulation of reaction conditions, such as temperature, ratio of reactants, reaction time, etc., the synthesis process can be effectively optimized, and the final yield and purity of 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene can be improved.
What are the precautions for 1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene in storage and transportation?
1-Bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene is an organic compound. During storage and transportation, many key matters need to be paid attention to so that security is safe.
One is related to storage. This compound should be stored in a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Because a cool environment can reduce its volatilization rate, if it is in a high temperature environment, its volatilization will increase, which will not only cause material loss, but also increase the risk of flammability and explosion in the environment. Dry conditions are also indispensable. Due to moisture, the compound is prone to hydrolysis and other reactions, causing it to deteriorate, affecting quality and performance. Good ventilation can disperse potentially volatile gases in time and prevent them from accumulating to dangerous concentrations locally.
Second, the choice of container is also the key. It needs to be stored in a container with good sealing performance to prevent leakage. Due to the volatility and irritation of 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene, once it leaks, it will not only pollute the environment, but also endanger human health. The selected container material should not chemically react with the compound. Glass containers are often the first choice due to good chemical stability, so care should be taken to avoid collision and rupture.
Third, when transporting, they should be operated in accordance with relevant regulations on the transportation of hazardous chemicals. Transportation vehicles should be equipped with corresponding emergency treatment equipment and protective equipment, such as fire extinguishers, adsorption materials, etc., to prepare for leakage and other emergencies. The transportation process must be smooth, avoid bumps, vibrations and collisions, and prevent leakage caused by container damage. And transportation personnel should be professionally trained to be familiar with the characteristics of the compound and emergency treatment methods.
Fourth, the label should not be underestimated. Storage containers and transportation packages should be clearly marked with information such as the name, nature, hazard characteristics and emergency treatment measures of the compound, so that relevant personnel can see at a glance, follow the correct method when touching or disposing, and avoid accidents caused by ignorance.
All of these, the storage and transportation of 1-bromo-3- (difluoromethoxy) benzene are essential, and must not be negligent to avoid disaster.