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What are the main uses of 4-Fluorobenzeneacetic Acid?
4-Fluorophenylacetic acid is widely used. In the field of medicinal chemistry, it is a key raw material for the preparation of a variety of drugs. The introduction of fluorine atoms on the benzene ring can significantly change the physical, chemical and biological activities of compounds. Taking anticancer drugs as an example, with 4-fluorophenylacetic acid as the starting material, through a series of chemical transformations, anti-cancer molecules with specific targeting and high activity can be synthesized. Because fluorine atoms can enhance the interaction between drugs and targets, improve efficacy and reduce side effects.
In materials science, 4-fluorophenylacetic acid also plays an important role. It can be used to synthesize polymer materials with special functions. After polymerization with suitable monomers, fluoropolymers are obtained. Due to the characteristics of fluorine atoms, such polymers have excellent chemical resistance, low surface energy and good thermal stability. For example, they are used in the preparation of anti-fouling coating materials, which can make the surface of objects have anti-adhesion and easy cleaning properties, and are widely used in construction, automotive and other fields.
In organic synthetic chemistry, 4-fluorophenylacetic acid is an important building block for the construction of complex organic molecules. Due to the chemical activity of carboxyl groups and benzene rings, it can react with many organic reagents through esterification, amidation and other reactions to build various complex organic structures, providing the possibility for the synthesis of new organic functional materials and fine chemicals, helping organic chemists to expand the diversity of molecular structures and develop new compounds with unique properties.
What are the physical properties of 4-Fluorobenzeneacetic Acid?
4-Fluorophenylacetic acid, its physical properties are as follows:
This substance is a white to off-white crystalline powder under normal conditions. Looking at its morphology, when pure, it is white like snow, delicate and uniform, just like natural powder.
When talking about the melting point, it is about 104-106 ° C. When the temperature gradually rises to the melting point, this substance is like ice in warm sun, and it gradually melts from the solid state to the liquid state. The change of morphology follows the laws of nature.
Its solubility is also an important physical property. In organic solvents, such as ethanol, ether, etc., it is like fish entering river water, soluble and evenly dispersed. Because the molecular structures of ethanol and ether are compatible with 4-fluorophenylacetic acid, they attract each other, so they can dissolve. In water, its solubility is slightly inferior, only slightly soluble. The polarity of water interacts weakly with the partial structure of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid, resulting in limited solubility.
The density of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid is about 1.328 g/cm ³. This value shows that under the same volume, it is heavier than water. If placed in water, it will sink automatically, following the principle of density. Its smell is slightly special, not pungent, but it is also unique, and it can be recognized as unique. And the chemical properties of this substance are relatively stable at room temperature and pressure, and it will also react chemically under specific conditions, such as high temperature, strong acid and alkali, etc. This is what follows. In terms of physical properties alone, the above is its main characterization.
4-Fluorobenzeneacetic the chemical properties of Acid
4-Fluorophenylacetic acid has mild properties and is very important in the field of organic synthesis. Looking at its structure, the fluorine atom on the benzene ring occupies a stable position, and the side chain acetic acid group is connected to it. This unique structure endows it with different chemical properties.
Fluorine atoms have strong electronegativity, which can change the electron cloud density of the benzene ring and change the electrophilic substitution activity of the benzene ring. When encountering electrophilic reagents, the reaction check point and rate are different from those of fluorine-free phenylacetic acid. And due to the presence of fluorine atoms, the polarity of the molecule increases, and the solubility in polar solvents may also be different.
Its acetic acid side chain has carboxylic acid commonality. It can be neutralized with bases In case of alcohols, under the catalysis of acids, esters can be formed. This ester product is widely used in many aspects such as fragrance and pharmaceutical synthesis. It can also be carboxylated into alcohol hydroxyl groups by reduction reaction to derive other compounds.
In organic synthesis, 4-fluorophenylacetic acid is often used as a key intermediate. Starting with it, various reactions such as nucleophilic substitution and condensation can be used to produce a variety of fluorine-containing organic compounds. When creating new drugs and agricultural chemicals, the introduction of fluorine atoms can often improve biological activity and metabolic stability.
4-Fluorophenylacetic acid, due to its special structure and chemical properties of both benzene ring and carboxylic acid, is of great significance in organic synthesis and related industries, and is a powerful "masonry" for chemical craftsmen to create new substances.
What are the synthetic methods of 4-Fluorobenzeneacetic Acid?
The synthesis method of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid is not detailed in the ancient book "Tiangong Kaiwu", but there are many ways to be found in today's chemical synthesis methods.
First, 4-fluorotoluene is used as the starting material. First, 4-fluorotoluene is interacted with halogens (such as bromine) under the conditions of halogenation reaction, under the condition of light or initiator, to obtain 4-fluorobenzyl halide. This step of reaction is like introducing an active halogen atom into the side chain of toluene, which lays the foundation for subsequent conversion. Then, sodium cyanide is replaced by sodium cyanide, and the halogen atom is replaced by a cyanide group through a nucleophilic substitution reaction to generate 4-fluorophenylacetonitrile. This cyanyl compound is then hydrolyzed under the condition of acid or base catalysis to obtain 4-fluorophenylacetic acid. The hydrolysis process is similar to the gradual conversion of cyanyl groups to carboxyl groups, and the final target product is obtained.
Second, 4-fluorobenzoic acid is used as the starting material. First reduce it to 4-fluorobenzyl alcohol, and a suitable reducing agent can be used, such as sodium borohydride or lithium aluminum hydride. This reduction reaction converts the carboxyl group into an alcohol hydroxyl group to obtain 4-fluorobenzyl alcohol. After that, 4-fluorobenzyl alcohol is converted into 4-fluorobenzyl halide with a halogenating agent, and then 4-fluorophenylacetic acid can be obtained through steps similar to the above cyanidation and hydrolysis.
Or, using phenylacetonitrile as a raw material, first through a halogenation reaction, a halogen atom is introduced at a specific position in the benzene ring, and then through a nucleophilic substitution reaction, the halogen is replaced with fluoride ions, and then through a hydrolysis reaction, 4-fluorophenylacetic acid can also be obtained. Although these methods have their own differences, they all achieve the synthesis of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid with reasonable chemical conversion.
What is the price range of 4-Fluorobenzeneacetic Acid in the market?
It is difficult to determine the price range of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid in the market. The price of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid often varies due to various factors.
First, the price of raw materials has a great impact. If the supply of raw materials required for the synthesis of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid is tight, or the price rises due to disasters in the place of origin or market monopoly, the cost of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid will increase, and its price in the market will also rise. On the contrary, if the supply of raw materials is sufficient and the price is stable, the price of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid may also stabilize and decline.
Second, the preparation process and scale are related to the price. Sophisticated and efficient preparation processes can reduce production costs. Large-scale production can also share fixed costs based on scale effects, so that unit product costs can be reduced at market prices or more affordable. However, if the process is complicated, the scale is small, and the cost is high, the price will be high.
Third, the market supply and demand situation is the key. The demand is strong, such as the pharmaceutical, chemical and other industries have a large increase in demand for 4-fluorophenylacetic acid, but the supply is difficult to respond for a while, and the price will rise. If the market demand is weak and the supply is excessive, the merchant will destock or reduce the price for promotion.
Fourth, regional factors also have an impact. Different places have different prices due to different transportation costs, tax policies, and the degree of market competition.
Generally speaking, the price of 4-fluorophenylacetic acid fluctuates between tens of yuan and hundreds of yuan per kilogram. However, this is only an approximate number, and the actual price depends on the specific time, place and the above factors. Buyers who want to know the exact price should consult chemical raw material suppliers, traders, or refer to the real-time quotation of the chemical product trading platform.