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What is the main use of 4-Bromo- (Trifluoromethoxy) Benzene?
4-Bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene is an important compound in organic chemistry. It has a wide range of uses and plays a key role in many fields.
First, in the field of drug synthesis, this compound is often a key intermediate. The way of drug development is like a journey to explore hidden treasures. The construction of many drug molecules requires delicate design and combination of various chemical groups. The unique structure of 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene, containing bromine atoms and trifluoromethoxy groups, can be introduced into target drug molecules through many chemical reactions, such as nucleophilic substitution reactions. Bromine atoms are highly active and can provide a variety of possibilities for reactions, helping pharmaceutical chemists to construct complex structures with specific biological activities. The strong electron-absorbing properties of trifluoromethoxy groups can significantly change the physical and chemical properties and biological activities of compounds, such as improving the lipid solubility of drugs, making them easier to penetrate biofilms, enhancing the ability of drugs to bind to targets, and then improving drug efficacy.
Second, in the field of materials science, 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene also plays an important role. Today's materials research seeks to develop new materials with special properties. With this compound as a starting material, materials with special electrical, optical or thermal properties can be prepared through polymerization or other organic synthesis methods. For example, it can be used to synthesize organic optoelectronic materials, which show unique advantages in the fields of organic Light Emitting Diode (OLED) and solar cells. Its structural characteristics can affect the electronic transport and luminescence properties of the material, providing the possibility for high-efficiency photoelectric conversion and luminescence.
Third, in the field of pesticide synthesis, 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene is also an indispensable ingredient. The development of pesticides is aimed at effectively controlling crop diseases and pests and ensuring food security. The structural characteristics of this compound can endow pesticides with specific biological activities, such as insecticidal, bactericidal or weeding effects. Through rational design and modification, the introduction of pesticides into pesticide molecules can enhance the targeting and environmental friendliness of pesticides, reduce the impact on non-target organisms, and enhance their stability and effectiveness in the environment.
What are the physical properties of 4-Bromo- (Trifluoromethoxy) Benzene?
4-Bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene is one of the organic compounds. Its physical properties are particularly important. Looking at its properties, under normal temperature and pressure, it is a colorless to light yellow liquid with a clear texture, like autumn water.
In terms of its boiling point, it is between 170-172 ° C. This number of boiling points makes the substance a gas-liquid transformation state at a specific temperature environment. As for the melting point, it is usually around -10 ° C. At this temperature, the substance will gradually solidify from a liquid state and turn into a solid state.
Its density is about 1.72 g/cm ³, which is heavier than water. If placed in water, it will sink to the bottom of the water. The vapor pressure of this substance is quite small at 25 ° C, about 0.13 kPa or so, which makes the substance volatile at room temperature less significant.
4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene also has its own characteristics of solubility. It is well miscible in organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, and dichloromethane. However, in water, the solubility is extremely low and almost insoluble. This difference in solubility is due to the molecular structure of the substance, and the properties of its organic groups make it more likely to mate with organic solvents.
Its refractive index is about 1.458-1.460. This optical property allows light to be refracted at a specific angle when passing through the substance, providing an important basis for its identification and analysis.
In summary, the physical properties of 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene are of critical significance in organic synthesis, chemical production and related research fields, helping researchers and producers to understand its characteristics and make good use of it.
What are the chemical properties of 4-Bromo- (Trifluoromethoxy) Benzene?
4-Bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene is an important compound in organic chemistry. Its chemical properties are unique and it is widely used in the field of organic synthesis.
In this compound, the bromine atom is active and can often participate in nucleophilic substitution reactions. Because the bromine atom has good departure properties, it is easily replaced when encountering nucleophilic reagents, forming new carbon-heteroatomic bonds. If it reacts with nucleophilic reagents such as alkoxides and amines, it can generate corresponding ethers or amines. This property lays the foundation for the construction of complex organic molecular structures.
The trifluoromethoxy part endows the compound with special physical and chemical properties. Trifluoromethoxy has strong electron absorption, which can reduce the electron cloud density of the benzene ring and affect the reactivity of other substituents on the benzene ring. In the aromatic electrophilic substitution reaction, trifluoromethoxy acts as a meta-localization group to guide the electrophilic reagent to attack the benzene ring meta-site. This localization effect is crucial in the design of organic synthesis routes, which helps to precisely control the reaction check point and improve the selectivity of target products.
4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene also exhibits good thermal and chemical stability. The high carbon-fluorine bond energy in its structure makes the compound resistant to heat, oxidation and hydrolysis. In some organic synthesis processes that require high temperature or harsh reaction conditions, it can maintain structural integrity and ensure the smooth progress of the reaction.
In common organic solvents such as dichloromethane, chloroform, and toluene, 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene has good solubility, which facilitates its participation in the homogeneous reaction, enabling the reactants to be fully mixed and contacted, which is conducive to the efficient occurrence of the reaction. In conclusion, 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene plays a key role in drug synthesis, materials science, and many other fields due to its active bromine atom, unique trifluoromethoxy group, and good stability and solubility. It is an important basic raw material in the research and application of organic synthetic chemistry.
What are the synthesis methods of 4-Bromo- (Trifluoromethoxy) Benzene
The synthesis method of 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene has been known for a long time and is described in detail below.
First, 4-bromophenol is used as the starting material. This is a common starting material. In the reaction bottle, add an appropriate amount of 4-bromophenol, use potassium carbonate as the base, and mix in a suitable organic solvent, such as N, N-dimethylformamide (DMF). Then, slowly add trifluoromethylsulfonic acid anhydride dropwise, and control the reaction temperature to a certain range, about 50-60 degrees Celsius, for the number of reactions. In this process, the activity of trifluoromethyl sulfonate anhydride is high, and the phenolic hydroxyl group of 4-bromophenol undergoes nucleophilic substitution reaction. After post-treatment, such as extraction, distillation and other steps, the target product 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene can be obtained.
Second, starting from 4-bromochlorobenzene. 4-bromochlorobenzene is placed in a reaction vessel with anhydrous potassium fluoride and crown ether catalysts, such as 18-crown-6, in a reaction vessel with cyclobutane sulfone as solvent. Heating to a higher temperature, about 180-200 degrees Celsius, the chlorine atom is replaced by fluoride ions to form 4-bromofluorobenzene. Then, in another reaction system, using 4-bromofluorobenzene as the substrate, under alkaline conditions, such as potassium hydroxide in an alcohol solution, nucleophilic substitution reaction occurs with sodium trifluoromethoxide, carefully adjusting the reaction conditions, after separation and purification, 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene can also be obtained.
Third, benzene is used as the starting material and is first brominated. Mix benzene with liquid bromine, use iron powder or iron tribromide as the catalyst, and react at room temperature to obtain bromobenzene. Next, bromobenzene is nitrified, and under the action of mixed acid of concentrated sulfuric acid and concentrated nitric acid, at a specific temperature range, such as 50-60 degrees Celsius, p-bromonitrobenzene is formed. Then through reduction reaction, p-bromo nitrobenzene is reduced to p-bromo aniline with iron powder and hydrochloric acid as reducing agent. P-bromo aniline is reacted by diazotization, reacted with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature to form diazonium salt. Finally, the diazotide is reacted with sodium trifluoromethoxy through a series of complex transformations, and finally 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene can be obtained. Although this route is complicated, it is also a feasible method.
What is the price range of 4-Bromo- (Trifluoromethoxy) Benzene in the market?
The market value of 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene can be determined by factors such as cost.
First, the balance of supply and demand is of paramount importance. If the market demand for this compound is high, but the supply is limited, the price will be low; conversely, if the supply is low, the price will drop.
Second, the cost of producing this compound is also a major factor in determining the price. The cost of raw materials, the ease of synthesis, and the energy consumption of the production process all affect the cost, which affects the market.
Third, the cost of quality also has a significant impact. High-grade 4-bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene, due to its higher requirements in multi-precision and high-end applications, is often high in cost; while those with slightly lower cost, or can be used for general purposes, are low in cost.
Fourth, the market price should not be ignored. If there are many suppliers in the market to provide this compound, the price will be intense, and the price may decline due to factors; conversely, if there are few suppliers, its price may be maintained at a high level.
According to the concept of "Tiangong Products", the quality of products is subject to multi-party control. 4-Bromo (trifluoromethoxy) benzene is not available in the market, but generally speaking, in the chemical raw material market, its price per gram may range from 10 yuan to 100 yuan. This price is for consideration, and the market price is determined by many factors such as background, supply and demand, and quality.