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What are the chemical properties of 3,4,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid?
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid is an organic compound. It has the following chemical properties:
1. ** Acidic **: Because of the carboxyl group (-COOH), this is an acidic functional group, which can dissociate hydrogen ions (H 🥰) in water, showing acidity. It can neutralize with bases, such as with sodium hydroxide (NaOH). The hydrogen ion in the carboxyl group combines with hydroxyl ion (OH) to form water to form the corresponding carboxylate and water. This reaction is similar to the reaction of common organic acids and bases, such as the reaction between acetic acid and sodium hydroxide.
2. ** Properties of phenolic hydroxyl groups **: This compound contains three phenolic hydroxyl groups (-OH is directly connected to the benzene ring). The phenolic hydroxyl group has a certain acidity. Although its acidity is weaker than that of the carboxyl group, it can react with strong bases such as sodium hydroxide to form phenolic salts. At the same time, the phenolic hydroxyl group is easily oxidized and can be gradually oxidized in the air to change color. And the phenolic hydroxyl group can react with ferric trichloride (FeCl 🥰) solution and usually appear purple. This is a characteristic reaction of phenolic compounds, which can be used to identify the existence of phenolic hydroxyl groups in the substance.
3. ** Esterification reaction **: The carboxyl group can react with alcohol under the catalysis of concentrated sulfuric acid and heating conditions to form esters and water. For example, it reacts with ethanol to form corresponding esters and water. This reaction is a reversible reaction and follows the general law of esterification reaction.
4. ** Benzene ring reaction **: The benzene ring, as an important structural part of the compound, has the typical reaction of the benzene ring. If under appropriate conditions, a halogenation reaction can occur, and the hydrogen atom on the benzene ring is replaced by a halogen atom; a nitration reaction can also occur, and the benzene ring is introduced into the nitro group (-NO 2); a sulfonation reaction can also occur, and a sulfonic acid group (-SO 🥰 H) is introduced. These reactions require specific catalysts and reaction conditions to promote the reaction in the desired direction.
What are the main uses of 3,4,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid?
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, also known as gallic acid, its main uses are as follows:
First, in the field of medicine, has many effects. It can be used as an antibacterial drug, inhibiting common bacteria such as Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, etc., and can help prevent and treat infectious diseases. It can also resist oxidation, reduce the damage of free radicals in the body to cells, help prevent aging and cardiovascular diseases, etc. It can also assist in stopping bleeding, play an astringent role in wounds, and speed up the coagulation process.
Second, in the food industry, it is a high-quality antioxidant. It can prevent oxidative deterioration of foods such as oils, meats, fruits and vegetables, and prolong the shelf life. Like adding gallic acid to oils, it can inhibit the automatic oxidation of oils, avoid rancidity, and ensure the flavor and quality of food. It can also be used as a food preservative to delay food spoilage, maintain freshness, and is used in the preservation of fruits and vegetables to reduce rot losses.
Third, in the chemical industry, it is an important organic synthetic raw material. It is used to prepare a variety of chemical products, such as gallate esters, which are used as antioxidants in plastics, rubber, and coatings to enhance material stability and durability. Gallic acid can also participate in the synthesis of dyes, providing specific colors and properties for dyes.
Fourth, in agriculture, it can enhance plant disease resistance. By regulating plant physiological metabolism, activating defense mechanisms, plants can resist pathogenic bacteria and reduce the use of pesticides. It can also be used as a plant growth regulator to promote seed germination, root growth and plant development at appropriate concentrations, and improve crop yield and quality.
What is the synthesis method of 3,4,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid?
3,4,5-Trihydroxybenzoic acid, also known as gallic acid, its preparation methods have been used throughout the ages.
One of them can be extracted from natural substances. Many plants, such as gallnut, tea leaves, oak bowls, etc., contain this acid. Take gallnut as an example, take gallnut first, wash it, add an appropriate amount of water, and use acid or enzyme as a catalyst to promote hydrolysis. The method of acidification, commonly used strong acids such as sulfuric acid, under heating conditions, the tannins in gallnut are hydrolyzed to obtain gallic acid. However, this way, sulfuric acid is corrosive, demanding equipment, and subsequent separation and purification are complicated. Although the method of enzymatic hydrolysis has mild conditions and good selectivity, the cost of enzymes is high, which is also inconvenient.
Second, the way of chemical synthesis. Gallic acid can be formed from gallic as a raw material through a series of steps such as acetylation, oxidation, and hydrolysis. Gallic and acetic anhydride are first reacted under an appropriate catalyst to obtain acetylated products. This step can protect phenolic hydroxyl groups. Then a suitable oxidant, such as potassium permanganate, oxidizes the side chain and introduces carboxyl groups. Finally, hydrolysis under alkaline conditions removes the acetyl group to obtain the target product. Although the reaction can be precisely controlled in this way, there are many steps, the raw materials are rare and the cost is quite high.
Third, microbial fermentation method. Choose suitable microorganisms, such as certain fungi, bacteria, etc., and cultivate them in a medium containing carbon sources and nitrogen sources. In the process of growth and metabolism, microorganisms can convert substrates into gallic acid. This way is green and environmentally friendly, and the conditions are mild. However, the fermentation cycle may be long, and the yield may need to be improved. The screening and culture of strains also need to be carefully controlled.
In summary, the raw materials of the natural extraction method are naturally easy to obtain, but the separation is complicated; the chemical synthesis method is accurate but cumbersome and expensive; the microbial fermentation method is green and mild, and still needs to be refined. The advantages and disadvantages of each method coexist. According to the actual needs and conditions, choose the best one to prepare gallic acid.
What is the market price of 3,4,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid?
At present, the price of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid in the market varies depending on the quality, quantity, source and market conditions. If the quality is good and the quantity is wide, the price may be higher; if the quality is small, the price may be inferior.
It is derived from natural extraction or chemical synthesis. Natural ones, due to the difficulty of extraction and consumption, are often higher than synthesizers. And the distance of origin, supply and demand are also variables of price. If the origin is remote, the cost of transportation increases, and the price will rise; if the market demand is strong, the supply is not enough, and the price will also increase.
Looking at various cities, the price of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid synthesized varies from a few yuan to tens of yuan per gram. However, the price of natural extracts may be doubled, or even several times. And the price of block trade and retail is also different. Bulk buyers, because of the huge quantity, often get preferential prices; retail is convenient, the price may be slightly higher.
Therefore, if you want to know the exact price, you need to check the market situation carefully, and it is better than everyone's report.
What are the precautions for storing and transporting 3,4,5-trifluorophenylboronic acid?
When storing and transporting 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid, pay attention to many matters. Its nature may be more sensitive, and it may be damaged by changes in the environment such as heat, light, and humidity.
When storing, be sure to find a cool, dry and well-ventilated place. Heat can easily cause it to decompose or deteriorate, so it should be avoided in a high temperature place, away from heat sources and fire sources. Light may also cause its chemical reactions, so it should be stored in an opaque container or placed in a dark place. Humid environment can cause moisture, cause it to agglomerate, mildew, and affect quality, so it is necessary to keep the environment dry.
During transportation, make sure that the packaging is intact. Packaging should be sufficiently protected to resist vibration and collision, so as to avoid leakage caused by damage to the container. If it is long-distance transportation, it is even more necessary to pay attention to temperature control and humidity control. High temperature in summer, or need to use refrigeration equipment to maintain a suitable temperature; humid areas or seasons, desiccant can be placed in the package to prevent moisture.
Furthermore, this substance may be dangerous and must be carried out in accordance with relevant regulations and standards during transportation. Transport personnel should be familiar with its characteristics and emergency treatment methods. In the event of leakage and other accidents, they can respond quickly and properly to reduce losses and avoid hazards. In this way, the quality and safety of 3,4,5-trihydroxybenzoic acid can be guaranteed during storage and transportation.