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What are the main uses of 2-Chloro-4-Fluorobenzenethiol?
2-Chloro-4-fluorothiophenol has a wide range of uses. In the field of medicinal chemistry, it is an indispensable key intermediate for the synthesis of many specific drugs. The structure of gointhiophenol has a unique chemical activity, which can be combined with other functional groups through various chemical reactions, so that compounds with complex structures and specific pharmacological activities can be constructed. For example, when developing new antimicrobial drugs, 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol can introduce specific groups to enhance the penetration of the drug into the bacterial cell wall and improve the antibacterial efficacy.
It also plays an important role in the field of materials science. In the process of preparing high-performance organic semiconductor materials, 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol can participate in the polymerization reaction and endow the material with unique electrical and optical properties. Due to the presence of fluorine and chlorine atoms, the electron cloud distribution of the material can be adjusted, and the charge transfer efficiency can be improved. The resulting organic semiconductor materials exhibit excellent performance in device applications such as organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) and organic field effect transistors (OFETs).
Furthermore, in the field of pesticide chemistry, this compound can be used as an important raw material for the synthesis of high-efficiency and low-toxicity pesticides. With its chemical structure characteristics, pesticides with high selectivity and strong lethality to specific pests can be designed and synthesized, while reducing the harm to the environment and non-target organisms, meeting the needs of today's green pesticide development.
In summary, 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol has important uses in many fields such as medicine, materials, pesticides, etc., and is of great significance to promote the development of related industries.
What are the physical properties of 2-Chloro-4-Fluorobenzenethiol?
2-Chloro-4-fluorothiophenol is one of the organic compounds. Its physical properties are unique, let me come one by one.
Looking at its properties, at room temperature, it is mostly in the form of a colorless to light yellow liquid, with a clear and translucent appearance, just like the warm and moist jade liquid, which may be slightly shiny under light. This substance has a special smell, which can be smelled. Its taste may be irritating, and it has a unique smell of sulfur compounds. It is like being in a small chemical world that emits a unique smell.
When it comes to the melting point, due to the influence of chlorine and fluorine atoms in the molecular structure, the intermolecular forces are different. Its melting point is low, about -10 ° C to -5 ° C, just like the thin ice that has not yet condensed in winter. With a slight change in temperature, it is easy to change its shape.
In terms of boiling point, depending on factors such as intermolecular forces and relative molecular mass, the boiling point hovers roughly between 190 ° C and 200 ° C. If it needs to reach a specific temperature, it can boil and tumble, turning into a gaseous state.
The density is about 1.35g/cm ³ - 1.45g/cm ³, which is slightly heavier than the density of water. It is like a stable utensil that will slowly sink when thrown into water.
Solubility is also an important physical property. This compound is insoluble in water, because water is a polar solvent, and 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol has relatively weak polarity. According to the principle of "similar miscibility", the two are difficult to fuse. However, among organic solvents such as ethanol, ether, acetone, etc., it has good solubility, as if it can blend with these organic solvents and form a uniform solution system together.
In addition, 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol has a certain volatility. In the air, its molecules may gradually dissipate, just like the light mist, slowly drifting away, but its volatility is slightly slower than that of some low-boiling volatile compounds.
What are the chemical properties of 2-Chloro-4-Fluorobenzenethiol?
2-Chloro-4-fluoro-thiophenol is an organic compound with unique and interesting chemical properties.
As far as its acidity is concerned, the sulfur-hydrogen bond (S-H) in thiophenol compounds is relatively easy to dissociate due to the large radius of sulfur atoms and the weak binding force on hydrogen atoms, so it presents a certain acidity, and its acidity is stronger than that of the corresponding alcohols. In this compound, due to the existence of chlorine and fluorine atoms, the electronic effect changes, or the acidity is affected. Chlorine and fluorine are highly electronegative atoms, which have an electron-absorbing induction effect, which can enhance the stability of thiophenol negative ions, and then improve the acidity.
Talking about nucleophilicity, the outer layer of sulfur atom has lone pair electrons, which is nucleophilic. Under suitable reaction conditions, it can be used as a nucleophilic reagent to participate in many nucleophilic substitution reactions. In the nucleophilic substitution of halogenated hydrocarbons, the sulfur atom of thiophenol can attack the carbon atom of halogenated hydrocarbons, and the halogen atom leaves to form a new carbon-sulfur bond. In this compound, although chlorine and fluorine atoms occupy the position of benzene ring, they have a complex impact on the nucleophilicity of sulfur atoms. The electron-absorbing effect may reduce the electron cloud density of sulfur atoms and slightly weaken the nucleophilicity. However, factors such as steric hindrance need to be considered.
In terms of redo Thiophenol is easily oxidized by mild oxidants such as oxygen in the air to form disulfides. During this process, the valence of sulfur atoms increases and an oxidation reaction occurs. And due to the electronic effect of chlorine and fluorine atoms on the benzene ring, the oxidation reaction activity may change. Under specific conditions, if a strong reducing agent is encountered, it may cause the halogen atoms on the benzene ring to undergo reactions such as reductive dehalogenation, etc. However, such reaction conditions are more severe, requiring specific reagents and environments.
And because it contains halogen atoms such as chlorine and fluorine, in some reactions, halogen atoms can participate in the reaction. For example, under metal catalysis, the coupling reaction of halogenated aromatics can occur, and more complex organic molecular structures can be constructed. Its chemical properties are rich and diverse, and it has potential application value in organic synthesis and other fields.
What are 2-Chloro-4-Fluorobenzenethiol synthesis methods?
The synthesis method of 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol, although the ancient book "Tiangong Kaiwu" does not contain the synthesis method of this specific compound, we can deduce it according to chemical principles and previous methods of synthesizing analogs.
First, 2-chloro-4-fluoroaniline is used as the starting material. First, it reacts with sodium nitrite and hydrochloric acid at low temperature to form a diazonium salt. This reaction requires fine temperature control, about 0-5 ° C, to prevent the decomposition of diazonium salts. The diazonium salt reacts with potassium thiocyanate to form 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzene thiocyanate. After acid or base catalyzed hydrolysis, 2-chloro-4-fluorophenylthiophenol can be obtained.
Second, 2-chloro-4-fluorobromobenzene is used as raw material. Under the protection of inert gas, it reacts with magnesium chips to prepare Grignard's reagent. Grignard's reagent reacts with carbon disulfide to generate 2-chloro-4-fluorophenyldithiocarboxylate. After acid treatment, it can be converted into the target product 2-chloro-4-fluorophenylthiophenol.
Third, 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzoic acid is used as the starting material. It is first converted into an acyl chloride, and then reacted with potassium thioacetate to form 2-chloro-4-fluorobenzene thioacetate. Finally, it is hydrolyzed and acidified under alkaline conditions to obtain 2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol.
Synthesis requires precise control of various reaction conditions, such as temperature, reaction time, and reactant ratio. The equipment used also needs to be clean and dry to ensure smooth reaction and improve product purity and yield.
What are the precautions in storage and transportation of 2-Chloro-4-Fluorobenzenethiol?
2-Chloro-4-fluorothiophenol is an organic compound. When storing and transporting, many matters need to be paid attention to.
It is toxic and irritating to a certain extent, and is harmful to both the human body and the environment. When storing, it should be placed in a cool and well-ventilated place, away from fire, heat sources, and direct sunlight. It is easy to decompose due to heat, releasing toxic gases and causing safety accidents. The container must be sealed to prevent leakage.
2-chloro-4-fluorothiophenol is sensitive to air and moisture. In the air or in contact with water, or chemically react, the quality and stability will be reduced. Therefore, the storage place should be dry and can be protected by inert gas if necessary.
Because it is an organic sulfur compound, it has a special odor and is flammable. The storage area should be kept away from oxidants, acids, etc., to prevent violent reactions.
When transporting, choose appropriate packaging and transportation methods in accordance with relevant regulations. The packaging must be strong, sealed, and marked with clear warning signs to indicate its danger. During transportation, ensure that the container does not leak, collapse, fall, or damage, and prevent mixed transportation with other items.
Those who operate and come into contact with this substance need professional training and operate in strict accordance with the operating procedures. Wear appropriate protective equipment, such as gas masks, chemical safety glasses, acid and alkali gloves, etc., to avoid direct contact.
If a leak occurs during storage or transportation, personnel from the contaminated area of the leak should be quickly evacuated to the safe area, quarantined, and access should be strictly restricted. Emergency personnel wear self-contained positive pressure breathing apparatus and anti-virus clothing to cut off the source of the leak as much as possible. Small leaks, mixed with sand, dry lime or soda ash, collected in a dry, clean, covered container. Large leaks, build a dike or dig a pit to contain, covered with foam, reduce vapor disasters, and transfer to a tanker or special collector by pump, recycled or transported to a waste disposal site for disposal.