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What are the main uses of 2,3-fluorophenylboronic acid?
2% 2C3-hydroxybutyric acid, that is, 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid, this substance may be an allosteric modulator, participating in a variety of physiological processes, and has uses in the fields of medicine and chemical industry.
In the field of medicine, 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid can be used to prepare drugs. Because of its unique chemical structure, it can bind to specific biological targets and has potential pharmacological activity. For example, the development of drugs for certain neurological diseases, or by regulating the release of neurotransmitters and cell nerve activity, can help improve the condition.
In the field of chemical industry, 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid can be used as an intermediate in organic synthesis. Because it contains hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, it can be esterified, condensed and other reactions to obtain various organic compounds, such as the preparation of special functional polymer materials, or used in the production of coatings, adhesives, etc., to improve product performance.
In addition, the metabolic process of 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid in vivo has also attracted attention. Study its metabolic pathway and regulatory mechanism, or provide new ideas for the diagnosis and treatment of metabolic diseases. However, the research of this substance is still in the development stage, and many potential applications need to be further explored and developed. With time, it will surely contribute more to human health and industrial development.
What are the physical properties of 2,3-fluorophenylboronic acid?
2% 2C3 -hydroxybutyric acid, its physical properties are as follows:
2% 2C3 -hydroxybutyric acid is a colorless to light yellow transparent viscous liquid at room temperature with a weak odor. Its melting point is about -12 ° C and its boiling point is 127-129 ° C (1.6kPa). It can be miscible with organic solvents such as water, ethanol, and ether, and has good solubility.
2% 2C3 -hydroxybutyric acid has a density of about 1.095-1.105g/cm ³ and a refractive index (n20/D) of about 1.438-1.440. The stability of this substance is relatively good, and it will not decompose rapidly or undergo other violent reactions under conventional conditions.
Because its structure contains hydroxyl and carboxyl groups, hydrogen bonds can be formed between molecules, which has a significant impact on its physical properties. The existence of hydrogen bonds makes 2% 2C3-hydroxybutyric acid have a relatively high boiling point and a large solubility in water, which can form hydrogen bonds with water molecules, which enhances the interaction between the two. At the same time, the effect of hydrogen bonds between molecules also makes the substance have a certain viscosity in the liquid state.
In summary, 2% 2C3-hydroxybutyric acid, as an organic compound, has unique physical properties that are closely related to molecular structure. These properties are of great significance in many fields such as chemical research and industrial production.
What is the chemical synthesis method of 2,3-fluorophenylboronic acid?
To obtain 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid, the following method can be used.
First, an appropriate amount of acetaldehyde is taken. In an alkaline environment, the molecules of acetaldehyde are connected by the condensation reaction of hydroxyaldehyde. The α-hydrogen of the molecule acetaldehyde is dissociated by alkali action to form a negatively charged carbonegative ion. This carbonegative ion is nucleophilic and can attack the carbonyl carbon of another molecule acetaldehyde. After the carbonyl carbon is attacked by nucleophilicity, the electron cloud is rearranged, and the carbonyl oxygen binds to the proton to form β-hydroxybutyraldehyde.
The reaction mechanism is as follows: alkali takes acetaldehyde α-hydrogen, causing α-carbon to be negatively charged, forming an enol negative ion. This negative ion nucleophilic attacks another acetaldehyde carbonyl group, and then protonates to obtain β-hydroxybutyraldehyde. The β-hydroxybutyraldehyde generated by
can be converted into 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid by oxidation reaction. Beta-hydroxybutyraldehyde is treated with a suitable oxidizing agent, such as Toran reagent or Feilin reagent. In Torun's reagent, silver ammonia complex ions are oxidizing, and aldehyde groups can be oxidized to carboxyl groups. At the same time, silver ammonia complex ions are reduced to metallic silver and attached to the wall to form a silver mirror; in Feilin's reagent, copper ions can oxidize aldehyde groups, and themselves are reduced to cuprous oxide red precipitation. In this way, the aldehyde group of β-hydroxybutyric aldehyde is oxidized to a carboxyl group, which is 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid.
In this preparation process, the carbon chain is first constructed by hydroxyaldehyde condensation, and then the functional group is oxidized and modified to achieve the purpose of synthesizing 2,3-hydroxybutyric acid.
What are the precautions for 2,3-fluorophenylboronic acid during storage and transportation?
2% 2C3 -hydroxysuccinic acid, also known as malic acid, when storing and transporting, pay attention to the following things:
First, when storing, choose a dry, cool and well-ventilated place. This is because malic acid has certain hygroscopicity. If the storage environment is humid, it is easy to cause it to absorb moisture and agglomerate, which will damage the quality. For example, in the rainy season in the south, the air humidity is quite high, and more attention should be paid to moisture prevention. A desiccant can be placed around the storage container.
Second, the temperature also needs to be controlled appropriately. Do not leave it in a high temperature environment, otherwise malic acid may undergo chemical changes such as decomposition, which will affect its performance. Generally speaking, the storage temperature should be maintained at 5-25 ° C. Just like in hot summer, it is necessary to pay attention to the cooling measures of the warehouse.
Third, during transportation, ensure that the packaging is intact. If the packaging of malic acid is damaged, it may not only cause product leakage, pollute the surrounding environment, but also come into contact with external substances, or cause reactions. If the handling process should be handled with care to avoid package rupture due to violent collision.
Fourth, it needs to be stored and transported separately from oxidants, alkalis and other substances. Malic acid encounters oxidizing agents or undergoes oxidation reactions; when it encounters alkalis, it is prone to neutralization reactions, which will cause malic acid to deteriorate. Therefore, when warehousing and transportation arrangements are made, it must be isolated from such substances.
Fifth, the means of transportation should be kept clean and hygienic. If other chemical substances remain in the means of transportation, or contaminate each other with malic acid, it will affect the quality of the product. Every time transportation is completed, the means of transportation should be thoroughly cleaned.
What is the approximate market price range of 2,3-fluorophenylboronic acid?
The market price range of 2% 2C3-hydroxybutyric acid varies due to a variety of factors. Its quality, source, supply and demand conditions, and market environment all have a great impact on the price.
In the current market situation, if it is ordinary quality and widely sourced 2% 2C3-hydroxybutyric acid, the price per gram may be around tens to hundreds. However, if the quality is high, or it is refined by special processes, or it is used in specific high-end demand scenarios, the price may rise sharply, reaching hundreds or even higher per gram.
If the market supply and demand are unbalanced, the demand increases greatly and the supply is limited, the price will also rise; conversely, if the supply exceeds the demand, the price may have downward pressure. And between different regions, due to differences in transportation costs and market competition, prices also fluctuate. Therefore, it is difficult to generalize the price, and the price per gram fluctuates between tens and hundreds of texts.