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What are the main uses of 1,3,5-trichlorotrifluorobenzene?
1% 2C3% 2C5-Trichlorotrifluoroethane, its main uses are as follows:
This substance is a solvent commonly used in industry. In the electronics industry, it is often used as a cleaning agent for electronic components due to its good solubility and volatility, which can efficiently remove oil, dust and flux residues to ensure stable operation and good performance of electronic equipment. For example, when producing precision electronic components such as computer main boards and mobile phone chips, it will be carefully cleaned to ensure smooth wiring and normal operation of components.
In the field of metal processing, 1% 2C3% 2C5-Trichlorotrifluoroethane can be used as an additive for cutting fluids and lubricants. It can reduce the friction and heat during metal processing, improve the processing accuracy and surface quality, and extend the service life of the tool. For example, in the process of machining complex metal parts in machinery manufacturing enterprises, adding this substance can optimize the processing effect.
Because of its chemical stability, non-flammability and good insulation, it is also used in the refrigeration and air conditioning industry. It was used as a refrigerant in the early days, but its use is limited due to its destructive effect on the ozone layer. However, in some special refrigeration systems and equipment, it will still be selected carefully according to actual needs.
In addition, in aerosol products, 1% 2C3% 2C5-trichlorotrifluoroethane can act as a propellant. Using its low boiling point and easy gasification characteristics to promote the ejection of aerosol contents, it has been widely used in products such as spray-type paints and detergents. But due to its potential impact on the environment, alternatives are now being explored.
What are the physical properties of 1,3,5-trichlorotrifluorobenzene?
1% 2C3% 2C5 -trifluorotrichloroethylene, this substance is a colorless transparent volatile liquid at room temperature, with a chloroform-like odor. Its physical properties are as follows:
1. ** Boiling point **: about 27.4 ° C, with a low boiling point. It is volatile to form a gas at room temperature. In specific industrial processes, it is prone to gas conversion due to temperature changes.
2. ** Melting point **: -78 ° C, with a very low melting point. It can still maintain a liquid state in most conventional low temperature environments. It can maintain good fluidity in low temperature areas or in processes that require low temperature operation, which is conducive to material transportation and reaction.
3. ** Density **: The relative density (water = 1) is 1.565 (20 ° C), which is heavier than water. If it leaks in water, it will sink to the bottom, which increases the difficulty of dealing with its leakage, because it is difficult to naturally separate from water.
4. ** Solubility **: Slightly soluble in water, miscible in most organic solvents such as ethanol and ether. In the field of organic synthesis, it can be used as an excellent solvent to provide a homogeneous environment for organic reactions, which is conducive to full contact of the reactants and promotes the reaction.
5. ** Vapor pressure **: about 53.3 kPa at 20 ° C, the vapor pressure is high, and it is easy to evaporate into the air at room temperature and pressure, forming a flammable or toxic vapor cloud. When storing and using, attention should be paid to ventilation and fire protection.
6. ** Critical temperature **: about 207.1 ° C, the critical pressure is about 3.45MPa. In a supercritical state, 1% 2C3% 2C5-trifluorotrichloroethylene may exhibit unique physical and chemical properties, and may play a special role in some special extraction or reaction processes.
Is the chemical properties of 1,3,5-trichlorotrifluorobenzene stable?
1%2C3%2C5-%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E8%8B%AF, its chemical properties are quite stable. In this compound, the fluorine atom has extremely high electronegativity and forms a very stable C-F bond with the carbon atom. The bond energy is quite large, and it takes a lot of energy to break it, which is one of the reasons for its chemical stability.
Looking at its structure, it is highly symmetrical, and the intermolecular force is relatively weak. This structure makes it have the characteristics of low surface energy and low friction coefficient. Because of its good chemical stability, it is difficult to chemically react with other substances under many harsh environments.
If in a high temperature environment, most organic compounds may decompose and carbonize, but 1%2C3%2C5-%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E8%8B%AF can maintain their own structural integrity and do not easily undergo chemical changes. In extreme chemical environments such as strong acid and alkali, it can also maintain stability and is not easily eroded by acid and alkali.
Therefore, 1%2C3%2C5-%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%AF%E4%B8%89%E6%B0%9F%E8%8B%AF with its special structure and high stability of C-F bond, it shows quite stable chemical properties. It has important applications in many fields such as materials science and chemical production, which really depends on the stability of its chemical properties.
What is the production method of 1,3,5-trichlorotrifluorobenzene?
1% 2C3% 2C5-trifluorotrichloroethane was mostly used in the world for its refrigeration and cleaning equivalents. The method of its preparation, recorded in ancient books, is roughly as follows:
Initially, anhydrous hydrogen fluoride and trichloroethylene are used as the basis for the addition reaction in the environment where the catalyst exists. The catalyst used here is often antimony pentachloride and the like, which has the ability to promote the quick reaction. The combination of the two phases results in 1% 2C1% 2C1-trifluoro-2% 2C2-dichloroethane. The reaction formula is about: $CCl_2 = CHCl + 3HF\ stackrel {SbCl_5} {\ longrightarrow} CH_3CCl_2F_3 $.
Then, the obtained 1% 2C1% 2C1-trifluoro-2% 2C2-dichloroethane is dehydrochlorinated under the condition of high temperature, aerobic and catalyst assistance. The commonly used catalyst is an alkali metal salt supported by alumina. After this reaction, 1% 2C3% 2C5-trifluorotrichloroethane is obtained. The reaction formula is roughly: $CH_3CCl_2F_3 + O_2\ stackrel {catalyst, high temperature} {\ longrightarrow} CCl_3CF_3 + H_2O + HCl $.
However, when this method is implemented, many things need to be paid attention to. If hydrogen fluoride has strong corrosion, it must be strictly protected during operation, and the temperature, pressure and material ratio of the reaction must be controlled to ensure that the reaction is smooth and the quality and quantity of the product are guaranteed. Later, due to environmental considerations, its preparation and application are gradually constrained, but the preparation method of the past has also left a mark on the history of chemistry.
What are the environmental effects of 1,3,5-trichlorotrifluorobenzene?
1% 2C3% 2C5-trichlorotrifluoroethane has a huge impact on the environment. This substance is volatile and escapes into the atmosphere, which can cause changes in the composition of the atmosphere. It is stable in the atmosphere, difficult to decompose, and can be retained for a long time, which in turn damages the ozone layer.
The ozone layer, like the canopy of the sky, can block the harmful ultraviolet rays of the sun and protect all things on the surface. 1% 2C3% 2C5-trichlorotrifluoroethane escapes, in which chlorine atoms can react with ozone in a chain reaction. Chlorine atoms meet with ozone, grabbing mono atoms to form chlorine monoxide and oxygen. Chlorine monoxide reacts with free oxygen atoms, and chlorine atoms rereact with other ozone. This repeated process results in a sharp decrease in the number of ozone molecules, the thinning of the ozone layer, and the increase of ultraviolet rays penetrating the surface.
And 1% 2C3% 2C5-trichlorotrifluoroethane is also a greenhouse gas. It absorbs and retains infrared radiation in the atmosphere. If the glass of the greenhouse makes the surface heat difficult to dissipate, causing global climate warming. Under climate warming, glaciers melt, sea levels rise, and coastal lowlands are invaded; precipitation distribution varies, droughts and floods occur frequently; ecological balance is also disrupted, species survival is worried, or biodiversity is lost.
Furthermore, if 1% 2C3% 2C5-trichlorotrifluoroethane enters water and soil, it can accumulate and transfer through the food chain, and can reach the body of organisms, causing harm to biological physiology, or even affecting human health, causing diseases such as the immune system and nervous system. Therefore, its many effects on the environment cannot be ignored. The need for urgent matters is to find alternatives to reduce its harm to the environment.